Leonardo+Davinci

= = = **[| Leonardo Da Vinci]** = Two symbol of science **Leonardo da Vinci (Leonardo da Vinci, April 15, 1452-May 2, 1519), is the European Renaissance period, symbol of human wisdom and Italian painter, scientists, formerly known as: Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, he has left us many paintings is handed down from ancient times, and other scientific research.** **In the column Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci died over the next 500 years, people have to research and exploration, Europe and the United States, Israel and Asian countries set up a research of Leonardo da Vinci specialized agencies, his native Italy is him as the symbol of culture.** **Leonardo was and is renowned primarily as a painter. Among his works, the** [|**Mona Lisa**] **is the most famous and most parodied portrait and** [|**The Last Supper**] **the most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their fame approached only by** [|**Michelangelo**]**'s** [|**Creation of Adam**]**.Leonardo's drawing of the** [|**Vitruvian Man**] **is also regarded as a** [|**cultural icon**]**,being reproduced on items as varied as the** [|**euro**]**, textbooks, and T-shirts. Perhaps fifteen of his paintings survive, the small number due to his constant, and frequently disastrous, experimentation with new techniques, and his chronic procrastination. Nevertheless, these few works, together with his notebooks, which contain drawings, scientific diagrams, and his thoughts on the nature of painting, compose a contribution to later generations of artists only rivalled by that of his contemporary,** [|**Michelangelo**]**.** **Leonardo is revered for his technological ingenuity. He conceptualised a** [|**helicopter**]**, a** [|**tank**]**, concentrated** [|**solar power**]**, a calculator,the** [|**double hull**] **and outlined a rudimentary theory of** [|**plate tectonics**]**. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or were even feasible during his lifetime,but some of his smaller inventions, such as an automated** [|**bobbin**] **winder and a machine for testing the** [|**tensile strength**] **of wire, entered the world of manufacturing unheralded.He made important discoveries in** [|**anatomy**]**,** [|**civil engineering**]**,** [|**optics**]**, and** [|**hydrodynamics**]**, but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on later science.**

**Anatomy:** [|**Vitruvian Man**] ==

L eonardo's formal training in the [|anatomy] of the [|huma]
== [|n body] began with his apprenticeship to [|Andrea del Verrocchio], his teacher insisting that all his pupils learn anatomy. As an artist, he quickly became master of topographic anatomy, drawing many studies of [|muscles], [|tendons] and other visible anatomical features. Leonardo drew many studies of the [|human skeleton] and its parts, as well as muscles and sinews. He studied the mechanical functions of the skeleton and the muscular forces that are applied to it in a manner that prefigured th == == e modern science of [|biomechanics].He drew the heart and [|vascular system], the [|sex organs] and other internal organs, making one of the first scientific drawings of a [|fe] == == [|tus] in utero.As an artist, Leonardo closely observed and recorded the effects of age and of human emotion on the physiology, studying in particular the effects of rage. He also drew many figures who had significant facial deformities or signs of illness. Leonardo also studied and drew the anatomy of many other animals as well, dissecting cows, birds, monkeys, bears, and frogs, and comparing in his drawings their anatomical s tructure with ==

**Engineering and inventions:**

A design for a flying machine, (c. 1488) Institut de France, Paris
== During his lifetime Leonardo was valued as an engineer. In a letter to [|Ludovico il Moro] he claimed to be able to create all sorts of machines both for the protection of a city and for siege. When he fled to Venice in 1499 he found employment as an engineer and devised a system of moveable barricades to protect the city from attack. He also had a scheme for diverting the flow of the Arno River, a project on which [|Niccolò Machiavelli] also worked. Leonardo's journals include a vast number of inventions, both practical and impractical. They include [|musical instruments], hydraulic pumps, reversible crank mechanisms, finned mortar shells, and a [|steam cannon].In 1502, Leonardo produced a drawing of a single span 720-foot (220 m) bridge as part of a [|civil engineering] project for Ottoman [|Sultan] [|Beyazid II] of [|Constantinople]. The bridge was intended to span an inlet at the mouth of the [|Bosporus] known as the [|Golden Horn]. Beyazid did not pursue the project, because he believed that such a construction was impossible. Leonardo's vision was resurrected in 2001 when a [|smaller bridge] based on his design was constructed in Norway.On May 17, 2006, the Turkish government decided to construct Leonardo's bridge to span the [|Golden Horn].For much of his life, Leonardo was fascinated by the phenomenon of [|flight], producing many studies of the flight of birds, including his c. 1505 [|Codex on the Flight of Birds], as well as plans for several flying machines, including a light [|hang glider] and a machine resembling a [|helicopter]. The British television station [|Channel Four] commissioned a documentary Leonardo's Dream Machines, for broadcast in 2003. Leonardo's machines were built and tested according to his original designs. Some of those designs proved a success, whilst others fared less well when practically tested. ==
 * CONNECT TO ANTHEM ||   ||
 * Leonardo Da Vinci ||  Equality  ||
 * == People called he is genius, he was different than other children.  == || ==  Smart and curious, also very clever  == ||
 * == I nterest in  scientific research.  == || ==  He always try to find the answer that he wants to know. Have deep love and faithful to science.  == ||
 * ==  Interset in anatomy the human body(in that time was not allowed to use human body ), leonardo also anatomy the cattle, poultry, monkey, bear, frog as anatomic structure comparison.   ==

|| == Even, it was not allowed to do any experiment, but Equality still used a frog to find the scientific principle  == ||
 * ==  Have valiant spirit, leonardo was anatomy of the 30 human body with different age and gender.   == || ==  Very brave, stand up to the council and do animal experiment.  == ||
 * == Based on the human anatomy studies, leonardo also invented the first one, robot.  == || ==  Make use of the frog experiment, find electricity.  == ||

Resource: 1，[|__http://baike.baidu.com/view/16556.htm__] 2，[|__http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci__]